How does a spindle motor work?

The electric spindle itself directly mounts the hollow motor rotor on the main shaft, and the stator is fixed in the hole of the main shaft case through the cooling jacket to form a complete shaft unit. After power-on, the rotor directly drives the main s

Spindle motors are high-speed motors commonly used in a variety of industrial applications, such as machining, manufacturing, and other precision applications. They rotate at very high speeds and provide high power outputs, making them ideal for applications requiring precise control and high-speed performance. In this paper, we will discuss how spindle motors work and their key components.

How the spindle motor works

Spindle motors work on the same basis as other motors, such as AC or DC motors. The stator of the spindle motor contains a series of windings connected to the AC power supply. Spindle motors typically use a three-phase AC power supply that creates a magnetic field around the winding when the AC current flows through the winding. The magnetic field generated by the stator induces the current in the rotor, creating a magnetic field that interacts with the stator field. This interaction causes the rotor to rotate, as does the spindle motor shaft attached to the rotor.

A key component of the spindle motor is the bearing. The bearing supports the motor shaft and makes it rotate freely. Bearings must be designed to withstand the high speed and load generated by the spindle motor and must provide high precision to ensure smooth and accurate operation of the motor.

To control the speed of the spindle motor, an inverter drive (VFD) is used. The VFD changes the frequency of the motor's AC power supply, thus changing the speed of the rotating magnetic field in the stator. As the frequency of the AC power supply changes, so does the rotor speed, allowing precise control of the speed of the motor.

Conclusion

In short, spindle motors work on the same principle as other motors, stators and rotors produce a magnetic field that drives the rotation of the motor. They are used in a variety of industrial applications that require high speed and precision control, relying on a combination of precision bearings and inverter drives.